RESEARCH TECHNIQUES & METHODS

  UNIVERSIDAD DE EL SALVADOR FACULTAD MULTIDISCIPLINARIA DE OCCIDENTE LANGUAGE DEPARTMENT PRESENTED BY LEÓN ESCALANTE, EDWIN ERNESTO CASTRO LAZO, LEONEL ANTONIO ADVISOR GUADALUPE DELURDY LINARES DE SERMENO           JUNE, 2023 SANTA ANA, EL SALVADOR, CENTROAMÉRICA

                                                 Definition Quantitative research is expressed in numbers and graphs. It is used to test or confirm theories and assumptions. This type of research can be used to establish generalizable facts about a topic. Common quantitative methods include experiments, observations recorded as numbers, and surveys with closed-ended questions. Quantitative research is the process of collecting and analyzing numerical data. It can be used to find patterns and averages, make predictions, test causal relationships, and generalize results to wider populations. Quantitative research deals in numbers, logic, and an objective stance. Quantitative research focuses on numeric and unchanging data and detailed, convergent reasoning rather than divergent reasoning. Characteristics of the method 1. CONTAIN MEASURABLE VARIABLES ...

 Definition Mixed methods research combines elements of quantitative research and qualitative research in order to answer your research question. Mixed methods can help you gain a more complete picture than a standalone quantitative or qualitative study, as it integrates t he  benefits of both methods. Characteristics of the Mixed Method Research The primary feature/characteristic of mixed methods research is that there is both a qualitative and quantitative component, e.g., at least one research question of each type that requires both a qualitative and quantitative design for data collection and analysis. A further distinction of mixed methods that is often overlooked with that the qualitative and quantitative portions of the study must be linked together, such that one could not be conducted without the other; otherwise, it is simply two studies - one qualitative and the other quantitative. For instance, quantitative research might be conducted to examine possible corre...

  Definition Technological research proposes stimulating challenges starting from the new scenarios arising since the XX century, the environmental imperative imposes new responsibilities, the industrial production, requires the rethinking of the concept of "material culture" as well as new information technologies lead to new models of theoretical and conceptual elaboration. The Technological Research Methodology describes how technology develops and improves. It is analogous to scientific methodology. The Technological Research Methodology describes how technology develops and improves. It is analogous to scientific methodology. Characteristics of the Technological Research  Magnification Accessibility Reproducibility Lack of accountability/dispensability. Temporality Spatiality Surveillability Main uses of the research Technological research proposes stimulating challenges starting from the new scenarios arising since the XX century, the environmental imp...

 Definition A questionnaire is a research tool featuring a series of questions used to collect useful information from respondents. These instruments include either written or oral questions and comprise an interview-style format. A questionnaire is a research instrument that consists of a set of questions or other types of prompts that aims to collect information from a respondent. A research questionnaire is typically a mix of close-ended questions and open-ended questions. Characteristics of the research Uniformity:  Questionnaires are very useful to collect demographic information, personal opinions, facts, or attitudes from respondents. One of the most significant attributes of a research form is uniform design and standardization. Every respondent sees the same questions. This helps in data collection and statistical analysis of this data. For example, the retail store evaluation questionnaire template contains questions for evaluating retail store experiences. Questions...

 Definition Checklists are used to encourage or verify that a number of specific lines of inquiry, steps, or actions are being taken, or have been taken, by a researcher. These surface in a variety of forms throughout data collection and analysis and thereafter as part of either writing or review. A checklist is a simple instrument consisting prepared list of expected items of performance or attributes, which are checked by a researcher for their presence or absence. Checklists are constructed by breaking performance and the quality of a product, which specifies the presence or absence of an attribute or trait which is then “checked” by the rater/observer. Characteristics of the method Observe one respondent at one time. Clearly specify the characteristics of the behavior to the observer. Use only carefully prepared checklists to avoid more complex traits. The observer should be trained on how to observe, and how to record the observed behavior. Use che...